The Jeliya catalogue uses Fulfulde · Pulaar · Pular / Fula. Glottolog indexes the corresponding language grouping as Fula (fula1264). Its ISO 639-3 code is ful. This is a grouping, not a claim that all its varieties share one standard. [1]
Draft — awaiting native-speaker review
Fula is a language continuum with names including Fulfulde, Pulaar and Pular. This catalogue groups sources; learners should specify a regional variety.
Opening retained from the existing catalogue; awaiting editorial and speaker review.The Jeliya catalogue uses Fulfulde · Pulaar · Pular / Fula. Glottolog indexes the corresponding language grouping as Fula (fula1264). Its ISO 639-3 code is ful. This is a grouping, not a claim that all its varieties share one standard. [1]
Glottolog associates this record with the following country codes: SN. Catalogue locations do not enumerate diaspora or second-language use. [1]
No dated, scope-checked speaker estimate has been approved for this page.
The catalogue classification follows this sequence: Atlantic-Congo → North-Central Atlantic → Fula-Sereer. [1]
The institutional account connects language spread with migrations and political formations including Maasina, Fuuta-Jallon and Sokoto. It also documents Ajami manuscripts dating to the eighteenth century. [2]
The Glottolog bibliography includes a linguistic description attributed to Homburger, Lilias 1929 and a more recent one attributed to Homburger, Lilias 1929. These are publication dates, not language origins. [1]
Latin conventions vary; retain ɓ ɗ ŋ ɲ and ’y as appropriate. Adlam is right-to-left; Ajami is another writing tradition. Never infer identical words from script conversion alone.
Existing linguistic-map notes are planning material, not newly verified facts. A named reviewer and reference are still needed.Five vowel qualities with length contrasts; ɓ ɗ and other implosive/glottalised sounds matter. Most Fula varieties are not lexical-tone languages. Consonant mutation changes the beginning of related words.
Existing linguistic-map notes are planning material, not newly verified facts. A named reviewer and reference are still needed.A reviewed alphabet, sound-by-sound IPA guide and reference recordings are still needed.
Awaiting a cited, language-specific contribution and speaker review.
Many noun classes with suffixes and agreement; initial consonant alternation, verb voice and aspect vary by variety.
Existing linguistic-map notes are planning material, not newly verified facts. A named reviewer and reference are still needed.Select Pulaar, Pular or a named Fulfulde variety; do not merge them
Existing linguistic-map notes are planning material, not newly verified facts. A named reviewer and reference are still needed.INALCO distinguishes geographic groups associated with Fuuta-Tooro, Fuuta-Jallon, Maasina, central areas and eastern areas around the former Sokoto state. Jeliya’s catalogue label does not select one of these on behalf of a learner. [2]
Named child varieties in this record include Atakora Fulfulde, Bakuure, Djougoure, Korakuure, Tchabankeere, Borgu Fulfulde, Bilkire Fulani, Garoua, Kambariire, Maroua Fulfulde, Ngaondéré, Nomadic Fulfulde. These labels do not select Jeliya’s teaching variety. [1]
An entry separates the headword, part of speech, senses and cited examples. A variant is another documented form; a synonym is a different word with a related meaning. Derived expressions can have their own entry. Follow source links and variety tags before using a form.
Search the everyday spelling and check tone-marked forms. ɛ, ɔ, ɲ and ŋ are letters, not removable accents. Search tolerance does not mean two spellings are the same word. Save an entry to keep its stable identity in your wordbook.
Open the dictionaryOral genres coexist with religious and secular writing. INALCO explicitly warns that broad speaker estimates are inconsistent; no unqualified global total is displayed here. [2]
Editorial adaptation: Jeliya
Language reviewer: awaiting appointment
Last revision: 10/12/2026
Harald Hammarström, Robert Forkel, Martin Haspelmath and Sebastian Bank
CC BY 4.0
Source checked: 10/12/2026Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales
Source checked: 10/12/2026Homburger, Lilias 1929
Source checked: 10/12/2026